Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (10): 652-656.doi: 10.12016/j.issn.2096-1456.2018.10.008

• Prevention and Treatment Practice • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Analysis of risk factors for dental caries in deciduous teeth among preschool children

Yuan CHEN,Zhuohui FU,Yue CHEN,Jiaxin DENG,Yan WANG,Jing ZOU()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2018-05-22 Revised:2018-06-02 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2018-10-20

RichHTML

17

PDF (PC)

109

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the risk factors for caries in preschool children to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of caries in primary teeth.Method From July 2017 to September 2017, 183 children aged 3-6 who received treatment for caries in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, were randomly selected for recording of the caries status of deciduous teeth, and a questionnaire was collected from their guardians. Risk factors for caries in primary teeth were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software．Results The mean dmft (decayed, missing and filled teeth) value of all samples was 9.91 ± 5.12. There was no significant difference in dmft between boys (10.38 ± 5.26) and girls (9.55 ± 5.01) (t = -1.088, P > 0. 05). There were 40 cases (21.86%) in the mild caries group (dmft = 3.13 ± 1.34) and 143 cases in the severe group (dmft = 11.80 ± 4.07). Oral hygiene before one year of age, duration of tooth brushing, number of oral hospital examinations and frequency of sugar intake were significantly associated with caries status (P < 0.05). Children who brushed their teeth for less than 2 minutes and consumed sugar frequently had high dmft values. Duration of tooth brushing and frequency of sugar intake were significantly associated with caries in the primary teeth (P < 0.05).Conclusion Insufficient tooth brushing time and frequent sugar intake are major risk factors for deciduous caries.

Key words: Dental caries, Deciduous teeth, Risk factors, Prevention, Relative analysis

CLC Number: 

  • R788

Table 1

The distribution of deciduous dental caries in 183 children"

性别 患龋例数（n） 龋均 t值 P值
男 78 10.38 ± 5.26 -1.088 0.278
女 105 9.55 ± 5.01
合计 183 9.91 ± 5.12

Table 2

The distribution of carious teeth in 183 children n（%）"

患龋情况 例数（n） 患龋牙数（颗） 龋均
轻症组 40（21.86） 125（6.89） 3.13 ± 1.34
重症组 143（78.14） 1688（93.11） 11.80 ± 4.07
合计 183（100） 1813（100） 9.91 ± 5.12

Table 3

Analysis of factors that influence caries in children"

影响因素 轻症组（%） 重症组（%） χ2值 P值
1岁前清洁方式 未清洁 12（30.00%） 61（42.66%） 8.003 0.046
棉签等蘸水清洁 11（27.50%） 22（15.38%）
进食后喝清水 8（20.00%） 44（30.77%）
指套牙刷 9（22.50%） 16（11.19%）
1~3岁口腔清洁方式 未清洁 6（15.00%） 18（12.59%） 0.276 0.871
仅使用牙刷 8（20.00%） 26（18.18%）
使用牙刷及牙膏 26（65.00%） 99（69.24%）
3~6岁口腔清洁方式 使用儿童牙刷 30（75.00%） 121（84.62%） 2.003 0.157
使用电动牙刷 10（25.00%） 22（15.38%）
刷牙时间（min） <2 25（62.50%） 117（81.82%） 6.710 0.010
≥ 2 15（37.50%） 26（18.18%）
监督刷牙 经常 18（45.00%） 53（37.06%） 0.838 0.658
偶尔 19（47.50%） 77（53.85%）
没有 3（7.50%） 13（9.09%）
口腔医院检查次数 从未去过 14（35.00%） 54（37.76%） 8.986 0.011
有症状时去过 14（35.00%） 73（51.05%）
定期检查 12（30.00%） 16（11.19%）
甜食频率 ≤ 1次/天 27（67.50%） 80（55.94%） 2.121 0.042
2次/天 6（15.00%） 35（24.48%）
≥ 3次/天 7（17.50%） 28（19.58%）
婴幼儿期喂养方式 奶瓶喂养 10（25.00%） 40（27.97%） 0.145 0.930
母乳喂养 19（47.50%） 66（46.15%）
混合喂养 11（37.50%） 37（25.87%）

Table 4

Multifactor logistic regression analysis of caries and its risk factors in 183 children"

影响因素 B S.E. Wals df Sig Exp（B） Exp（B）95% CI
1岁前清洁方式 -0.069 0.176 0.153 1 0.696 0.934 0.662-1.318
刷牙时间 -1.029 0.408 6.361 1 0.012 0.357 0.161-0.795
口腔医院检查次数 -0.428 0.282 2.305 1 0.129 0.652 0.376-1.132
甜食频率 -0.711 0.299 5.643 1 0.018 2.036 1.132-3.660
常量 2.488 0.897 7.694 1 0.006 12.032
[1] Kuriakose S, Prasannan M, Remya KC , et al. Prevalence of early childhood caries among preschool children in Trivandrum and its association with various risk factors[J]. Contemp Clin Dent, 2015,6(1):69-73.
[2] Fan C, Wang W, Xu T , et al. Risk factors of early childhood caries among children in Beijing: a case-control study[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2016,16(1):98.
[3] WHO Oral health surveys: basic methods[M]. 4th ed. Geneva WHO, 1997.
[4] Shinde PP, Shetiya SH, Agarwal D , et al. Knowledge,attitude,and practice about infant oral hygiene care among Indian professional working mothers:a questionnaire study[J]. J Indian Assoc Public Health Dentistry, 2018,16(1):58-61.
[5] Sun HB, Zhang W, Zhou XB . Risk factors associated with early childhood caries[J]. Chin J Dent Res, 2017,20(2):97-104.
doi: 10.3290/j.cjdr.a38274 pmid: 28573263
[6] 胡德渝 . 口腔预防医学[M]. 6版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2012: 173.
[7] Kowash MB, Alkhabuli JO, Dafaalla SA , et al. Early childhood caries and associated risk factors among preschool children in Ras Al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates[J]. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent, 2017,18(2):97-103.
[8] Wang B, Low J, Jing Z , et al. Chinese preschoolers' implicit and explicit false-belief understanding[J]. Br J Dev Psychol, 2012,30(Pt 1):123-140.
doi: 10.1111/j.2044-835X.2011.02052.x pmid: 22429037
[9] Rai NK, Tiwari T . Parental factors influencing the development of early childhood caries in developing nations: a systematic review[J]. Front Public Health, 2018,6:64.
[10] 丛芳, 张桂荣 . 沈阳市幼儿园5岁儿童乳牙龋病流行病学抽样调查报告[J]. 广东牙病防治, 2012,20(4):190-192.
[11] American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Clinical Affairs Committee--Infant Oral Health Subcommittee, American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Council on Clinical Affairs. Guideline on infant oral health care[J]. Pediatr Dent, 2012,27(7 Suppl):68-71.
[12] Buhari N, Zainal AF, Mani SA , et al. Oral hygiene practices and bottle feeding pattern among children with early childhood caries:a preliminary study[J]. Ann Dent, 2016,23(2):1-9.
[13] Hao W, Xu H, Chen X , et al. Changes in dental plaque microbial richness and oral behavioral habits during caries development in young Chinese children[J]. Caries Res, 2015,49(2):116-123.
[14] 樊明文 . 牙体牙髓病学[M]. 4版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2012: 39.
[15] Mo FY, Sowole CA, Owotade FJ , et al. Impact of infant feeding practices on caries experience of preschool children[J]. J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2010,34(4):297-301.
doi: 10.17796/jcpd.34.4.pjp25217558072up pmid: 20831129
[16] Vozza I, Capasso F, Marrese E , et al. Infant and child oral health risk status correlated to behavioral habits of parents or caregivers: a survey in central Italy[J]. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2017,7(2):95-99.
[1] LI Mei, CHEN Yifan, CHENG Fanping, HOU Yarong, YIN Wenjuan, ZHAO Jianjiang, HUANG Shaohong. Administrative strategy of dental clinic during the epidemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2020, 28(6): 409-415.
[2] HUANG Shaohong,WU Linmei. The prevalence of dental caries in urban areas is lower than that in rural areas--analysis of changes in the epidemiological characteristics of caries in urban and rural areas [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2020, 28(5): 273-278.
[3] HE Yuanli,REN Biao,CHEN Xuan,ZOU Ling. Mechanism research of srtA gene on the oxidation tolerance of Streptococcus mutans [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2020, 28(5): 292-297.
[4] WU Hongyu,MA Xiaoxin,LU Haixia,FENG Xiping,GU Qin,YE Wei,XIE Yingxin,XIE Danshu,WANG Wenji. Investigation of dental caries and periodontal conditions in maintenance hemodialysis patients [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2020, 28(5): 313-317.
[5] LIU Chuanxia,FU Ji,HAO Yilong,HE Hong,CHEN Qianming. Management strategy of oral mucosal diseases during the epidemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2020, 28(3): 178-183.
[6] LIU Haotian,LI Huihui,LIU Shanshan. Research progress on the relationship between enamel-related gene polymorphisms and caries susceptibility [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2020, 28(2): 123-126.
[7] LI Jiatong,ZHOU Xuedong,XU Xin,WANG Yan. Research progress of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of oral infectious diseases [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2019, 27(9): 598-601.
[8] FU Zhuohui,DENG Jiaxin,CHEN Yuan,WANG Yan. Research progress into probiotics for the prevention of dental caries [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2019, 27(9): 603-608.
[9] MA Xiangyu,LI Jianhua,PENG Hongda,MA Keyuan,ZOU Jing,WANG Yan. Study on the application of cone-beam CT in root canal morphology of first deciduous molars [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2019, 27(6): 387-390.
[10] YANG Ting,ZHANG Wanting,LI Beibei,DONG Ying,CAO Hongfei,ZHAO Jin. Distribution of oral Streptococcus mutans and its correlation with dental caries in children of Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2019, 27(4): 219-225.
[11] GUO Xiao,DU Xinmei,CHENG Lei,ZHOU Xuedong,LI Mingyun. Research progress on the function and metabolism of d-alanine in bacteria [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2019, 27(4): 264-267.
[12] ZHANG Fan,REN Weiwei,GUAN Qin,ZHAO Hui,LI Shouhong. The management of dental fear symptoms in children in a coparticipation model [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2019, 27(2): 104-106.
[13] Yi DING,Qi WANG. Therapeutic progress of diabetic periodontitis [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2018, 26(9): 545-550.
[14] Zhirong WU, Shiguang Huang. Research progress on the etiology, clinical examination and treatment of peri-implantitis [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2018, 26(6): 401-405.
[15] Xuan HAN, Yuanyuan HUO, Qiong ZHANG, Yuqing LI, Jing ZOU. Research progress of microbial biomarkers of early childhood caries [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2018, 26(6): 391-395.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Hong-chang LAI,Jun-yu SHI. Maxillary sinus floor elevation[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2017, 25(1): 8 -12 .
[2] Pin ZHOU, Yang-fei LI. MRI study of temporomandibular joint disc position in asymptomatic volunteers[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2017, 25(4): 239 -244 .
[3] Xinxin XIA, Fang FANG, Lijuan CHENG. Shaping ability of Pathfile and WaveOne in simulated root canals[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2017, 25(6): 365 -368 .
[4] Yuanhong LI, Xinyi FANG, Yu QIU, Lei CHENG. Experimental study on the effects of green tea on salivary flow rate and pH value[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2017, 25(9): 560 -564 .
[5] Chengzhang LI. Masticatory muscles in occlusion[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2017, 25(12): 755 -760 .
[6] . [J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2018, 26(1): 1 .
[7] Zhirong WU, Shiguang Huang. Research progress on the etiology, clinical examination and treatment of peri-implantitis[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2018, 26(6): 401 -405 .
[8] Xiaowu YAO, Shisheng CHEN, Zizheng LU, Minxiao LIN. Clinical report and literature review on the amyloidosis of salivary glands[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2018, 26(8): 533 -536 .
[9] Lan LIAO, Lijun ZENG. Updated research on digitalization in aesthetic restoration[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2018, 26(7): 409 -414 .
[10] Yu LU, Chengxia LIU, Zhongjun LIU. Role of TRAF6 in inflammatory responses of human osteoblast-like cells with Enterococcusfaecalis[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2017, 25(7): 420 -425 .

Copyright © Editorial Board of Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Address:Guangzhou City Jiangnan Road South 366, Editorial office ofJournal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, zip code: 510280　Fax:020-34304115　E-mail：kqjbfz@vip.126.com

Supported by:Beijing Magtech

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.