Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (7): 428-434.doi: 10.12016/j.issn.2096-1456.2019.07.004

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Expression of the receptor of advanced glycation end products in gingival tissue endothelial cells from type 2 diabetic rats with chronic periodontitis

Gang WANG1,Peng SUN2,Juan LI3,Shiguang HUANG3()   

  1. 1.Department of Conservative Dentistry, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 528404, China
    2.Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Oral Medicine Center of Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China;
    3.School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
  • Received:2018-10-30 Revised:2019-04-26 Online:2019-07-20 Published:2019-07-24
  • Contact: Shiguang HUANG E-mail:thshg@126.com

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Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in gingival tissue endothelial cells from type 2 diabetic rats with chronic periodontitis and to explore the role of RAGE in the pathogenesis of diabetes in cases with chronic periodontitis. Methods Sixty 7-week-old female Wistar diabetic obese rats were randomly divided into two groups. Periodontitis was induced in 30 rats by silk ligation, and the other 30 rats were used as the control group in which the periodontal tissues were not treated. One week after periodontal ligation and inoculation, the periodontitis and control group rats were randomly divided into two subgroups; the first subgroup was fed a high-fat diet, and the second group was fed a low-fat diet. Thus, 15 rats per group were included in the high-fat diet periodontitis (HF/P), low-fat diet periodontitis (LF/P), high-fat diet periodontal health (HF/C), and low-fat diet periodontal health (LF/C) groups. Glucose tolerance tests were performed weekly to measure the fasting insulin and blood glucose levels and the insulin resistance index to verify successful construction of the rat diabetes model. After successful modeling of chronic periodontitis, the rats were sacrificed at the 13th week after measurement of the serum necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and leptin levels. The tooth periodontal tissues were prepared and sectioned to observe histological changes. Immunofluorescence double staining was used to detect the density of RAGE-positive endothelial cells in the gingival tissues of the four groups. Results The serum fasting blood glucose and insulin levels and insulin resistance index were significantly higher in the HF/P and HF/C groups than in the LF/P and LF/C groups (P < 0.01). The serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the HF/P and LF/P groups than in the HF/C and LF/C groups (P < 0.01). The serum leptin levels were significantly higher in the HF/P group than in the other three groups. The density of RAGE-positive endothelial cells was significantly higher in the HF/P and HF/C groups than in the LF/P (P=0.001) and LF/C groups (P=0.040). The density of RAGE-positive endothelial cells in the HF/P group was higher than that in the HF/C group (P=0.027). Conclusion Endothelial cells in type 2 diabetic rats with periodontitis have increased gingival tissue RAGE and serum leptin levels.

Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, periodontitis, receptor for advanced glycation end products, endothelial cells, high fat diet, hyperglycaemia, leptin

CLC Number: 

  • R781.4

Table 1

Changes in the blood glucose levels of the rats in the four groups $\bar{x}$ ± s, mmol/L"

大鼠 P C 平均值 F值/t值 P值
HF 75.753 ± 5.382 41.253 ± 2.902 58.503 ± 25.357 137.548 <0.001
LF 58.584 ± 3.452 38.821 ± 1.773 48.703 ± 19.867 121.672 <0.001
平均值 67.169 ± 15.372 40.037 ± 5.141 53.603 ± 22.683 142.5311） <0.0011）
F值/t值 119.436 6.973 133.6531） F = 157.9132）
P值 < 0.001 0.205 < 0.0011） P < 0.0012）

Table 2

Changes in the insulin levels of the rats in the four groups $\bar{x}$ ± s, μg/L"

大鼠 P C 平均值 F值/t值 P值
HF 38.583 ± 0.856 30.052 ± 0.623 34.223 ± 5.040 11.538 0.001
LF 21.351 ± 0.652 20.823 ± 0.774 21.231 ± 0.395 0.654 0.549
平均值 29.968 ± 9.950 25.485 ± 5.070 27.727 ± 7.694 126.7361） <0.0011）
F值/t值 116.215 23.654 93.7671） F = 132.9092）
P值 <0.001 0.001 <0.0011） P < 0.0012）

Table 3

Changes in the insulin resistance index of the rats in the four groups $\bar{x}$ ± s"

大鼠 P C 平均值 F/t值 P值
HF 5.902 ± 0.313 4.852 ± 0.231 5.376 ± 0.605 5.156 0.030
LF 3.234 ± 0.153 3.241 ± 0.184 3.240 ± 0.006 0.523 0.875
平均值 4.569 ± 1.537 4.047 ± 0.930 4.308 ± 1.209 16.2151） 0.0071）
F值/t值 53.245 13.854 63.3621） F = 33.5522）
P值 0.001 0.007 0.0011） P = 0.0032）

Table 4

Changes in TNF-α expression in the rats in the four groups $\bar{x}$ ± s, μg/L"

大鼠 P C 平均值 F值/t值 P值
HF 88.203 ± 6.821 40.122 ± 3.254 64.163 ± 39.651 174.548 <0.001
LF 61.614 ± 5.352 39.452 ± 5.103 50.533 ± 22.458 164.243 <0.001
平均值 74.909 ± 16.672 39.787 ± 6.341 57.348 ± 35.784 171.4321） <0.0011）
F值/t值 154.452 3.753 87.7241） F = 132.6092）
P值 <0.001 0.763 < 0.0011） P<0.0012）

Table 5

Changes in IL-6 expression in the rats in the four groups $\bar{x}$ ± s, μg/L"

大鼠 P C 平均值 F值/t值 P值
HF 28.553 ± 0.512 20.125 ± 0.255 24.343 ± 4.890 3.301 0.033
LF 4.256 ± 0.435 4.655 ± 0.147 4.457 ± 0.443 0.468 0.361
平均值 16.412 ± 14.046 12.377 ± 8.931 14.396 ± 11.108 15.2111） < 0.0011）
F值/t值 131.705 153.691 122.4981） F = 148.0592）
P值 <0.001 <0.001 <0.0011） P<0.0012）

Table 6

Changes in leptin expression in the rats in the four groups $\bar{x}$ ± s, μg/L"

大鼠 P C 平均值 F值/t值 P值
HF 18.632 ± 3.453 8.453 ± 2.094 13.543 ± 11.564 42.823 <0.001
LF 8.231 ± 3.153 6.243 ± 2.181 7.237 ± 4.873 3.421 0.187
平均值 13.432 ± 9.376 7.348 ± 2.368 10.390 ± 8.657 36.4321） <0.0011）
F值/t值 34.572 3.784 47.8651） F = 28.2152）
P值 < 0.001 0.156 < 0.0011） P < 0.0012）

Figure 1

HE-stained images showing histological changes in the periodontal tissues in each group bar = 5 μm"

Figure 2

CD31-RAGE double-positive endothelial cell infiltration as determined by double immunofluorescence staining in the 4 groups using laser scanning confocal microscopy bar = 50 μm."

"

大鼠 P C 平均值 F值/t值 P值
HF 165.702 ± 15.304 102.853 ± 10.007 134.080 ± 37.348 153.654 0.027
LF 53.352 ± 5.441 40.604 ± 5.771 46.890 ± 7.434 25.869 0.415
平均值 109.456 ± 64.887 71.459 ± 36.643 90.485 ± 52.854 529.0361） P<0.0011）
F值/t值 431.551 116.651 467.6701） F = 649.6122）
P值 0.001 0.040 0.0011） P < 0.0012）
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