Abstract:

Traditional titanium implants are bioinert, and some biological properties, such as osteogenic and antibacterial properties, can be obtained by adding different trace elements to their surfaces. These trace elements can help enhance implant-bone binding and effectively prevent peri-implantitis. Different trace elements have different advantages, and different modification methods can also affect the biological properties. In this paper, the biological properties of titanium implant surfaces modified by trace elements were reviewed. The results of a literature review show that implant surfaces modified by fluoride, silver, zinc, manganese, etc. can inhibit the growth of bacteria and reduce the negative impact on normal cells from bacteria. Other elements, such as strontium, tantalum and cobalt, can promote the differentiation of osteoblasts on the surface of titanium implants, improve the activity of alkaline phosphatase, and improve the expression of osteogenic genes, thus increasing the amount of bone formation and enhancing the strength of implant-bone integration. Most elements have multiple properties, and the combined application of two or more elements can yield more biological properties than a single element. Since there are many trace elements in the human body, there is still a wide research space available in the field of the surface modification of dental implants by trace elements.

Key words: trace elements, fluoride, strontium element, silver ions, titanium, dental implants, surface modification, osseointegration, antibacterial property, plasma immersion ion implantation, microarc oxidation

摘要：

传统的钛种植体为生物惰性材料,通过在其表面添加不同的微量元素可使其获得促进成骨、抗菌等生物活性,可以更有效地增强种植体骨结合,防止种植体周围炎的发生。不同的微量元素各具优势,不同的改性方法可产生不同的生物学效应。本文就微量元素改性钛种植体表面的生物性能作一综述。文献复习结果表明,氟、银、锌、锰等元素改性的种植体表面可以抑制细菌的生长,降低细菌对正常细胞的负面影响;锶、钽、钴等元素可以促进钛种植体表面的成骨细胞分化、提高细胞碱性磷酸酶的活性、提高成骨相关基因的表达,从而增加成骨量,提高种植体骨整合的强度。多数元素具有多方面的活性,而两种以上元素的联合应用还可以获得相较于单个元素更为丰富的生物学性能。

关键词: 微量元素, 氟化物, 锶元素, 银离子, 钛, 种植体, 表面改性, 成骨性能, 抗菌性, 等离子体浸入式离子注入法, 微弧氧化法