Abstract:

Through a review of the literature on surface treatment of superhydrophilic implants and its clinical application, this paper discusses the shortening of load time, the improvement of the planting success rate and its long-term effect. Additionally, attention should be paid to the nonindication of superhydrophilic implants and issues requiring attention. The literature review showed that healthy patients could carry out an early load 21 days after implantation of superhydrophilic implants, and the load could be completed as soon as 6 weeks after implantation with superhydrophilic short implants when the residual alveolar bone height of the posterior dental area was repaired. Even if the residual alveolar bone density of the patient is low, the application of superhydrophilic implants can shorten the healing period to 8 weeks. Notably, some studies have reported that superhydrophilic implants have no significant effect on patients with a history of radiotherapy and the use of anticoagulants. Because the adhesion of the superhydrophilic implant to the bacteria is also improved to some extent, it is very important to prevent the use of antibiotics when using the superhydrophilic implant. Finally, this paper discusses and anticipates the future research direction of superhydrophilic implants: longer periodic follow-up and more in-depth molecular mechanism studies.

Key words: hyperhydrophilic implants, early loading, low density bone, antibiotic, radiotherapy, anticoagulant, osseointegration, molecular mechanisms, long-term effect

摘要：

通过对超亲水种植体表面处理以及其临床应用文献的回顾,讨论其在体外或体内缩短负载时间、提高种植成功率及其远期预后,同时也关注了超亲水种植体非适应症及其使用中需要注意的问题。文献复习表明,普通患者在超亲水种植体植入21 d后即可进行早期负载;而当后牙区剩余牙槽骨高度不足的患者使用超亲水短种植体进行修复时,最快能够在种植体植入6周后完成负载;即使患者剩余牙槽骨密度较低,应用超亲水种植体也可以缩短其愈合期至8周。当然,也有研究指出：超亲水种植体对有放疗病史和使用抗凝剂患者的优势作用并不明显。由于超亲水种植体对细菌的粘附力也有一定提升,应用超亲水种植体时预防性使用抗生素十分重要。对超亲水种植体未来研究方向为周期更长的随访以及更为深入的分子机制研究。

关键词: 超亲水种植体, 早期负载, 低密度骨质, 抗生素, 放疗, 抗凝剂, 骨结合, 分子机制, 远期效果