Clinical analysis of skeletal malocclusion, axial inclination in patients with short root anomaly of the maxillary central incisors

doi:10.12016/j.issn.2096-1456.2020.06.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of skeletal malocclusion and axial inclination of the maxillary central incisors in short root anomaly (SRA) patients in Kunming city, to provide some reference and guidance for SRA patients′ clinical diagnosis and treatment and prevention in SRA patients. Methods A total of 1 000 cases were randomly selected from the CBCT database of patients admitted to the author′s hospital from January 2011 to July 2019, and a retrospective analysis was performed. A total of 27 patients with SRA were diagnosed (SRA group).The control group, consisted of 100 randomly selected patients from non-SRA patients. According to the clinical data and cephalometric data, skeletal malocclusion was divided into three subgroups: Class I skeletal malocclusion, Class II skeletal malocclusion and Class Ⅲ skeletal malocclusion. Additionally, the axial inclination of the central incisors was divided into three subgroups: the lingual inclination group, labial inclination group and normal inclination group. The two groups each according to sex, skeletal malocclusion and types of axial inclination of the maxillary central incisors were discussed. Results The prevalence rate of SRA in the selected population was 2.7%, and the prevalence of SRA in females was 3.67% (21/572) , which was higher than that in males by 1.4% (6/428), and was significantly different between sexes (χ²=4.562, P=0.033). There was a significant difference between SRA patients and control group in terms of skeletal malocclusion (χ²=8.710, P=0.013). Class Ⅲ skeletal malocclusion was the main type of skeletal malocclusion in SRA. There was a significant difference between SRA patients and control group in terms of the axial inclination of the maxillary central incisors (χ ²=16.75,P<0.001). Lingual inclination of the maxillary central incisors was the main type of axial inclination of the maxillary central incisors in SRA. Conclusion There is a certain correlation between class Ⅲ skeletal malocclusion and lingual inclination of the maxillary central incisors and SRA, and the root-crown ratio and root shape of these patients should be evaluated before orthodontics are implemented.

Key words: short root anomaly, root-crown ratio, maxillary central incisors, orthodontics, skeletal malocclusion, axial inclination

摘要：

目的探讨昆明市人群中非综合征型短根畸形（short root anomaly,SRA）的患病率及与骨性错牙合和上中切牙轴倾度分布的关系,为SRA患者的正畸临床诊疗提供一定参考。方法回顾性分析2011年1月~2019年7月笔者所在医院收治患者CBCT数据库并随机抽样选取1 000例,诊断出SRA患者27例（SRA组）;对照组,为非SRA患者中随机选取的100例患者,根据其临床资料以及头影测量数据,将骨性错牙合分为I类骨性错牙合,Ⅱ类骨性错牙合,Ⅲ类骨性错牙合3个亚组,将中切牙轴倾度分为唇倾型、腭倾型和正常唇倾度型3个亚组,分析SRA组和对照组的性别、骨性错牙合以及上中切牙轴倾度分布情况。结果本研究所选人群中SRA的患病率为2.7％,女性的SRA患病率为3.67%（21/572）,高于男性患病率1.4%（6/428）,SRA患病率的性别差异具有统计学意义（χ²=4.562,P=0.033）。SRA患者与对照组骨性错牙合构成比差异具有统计学意义（χ²=8.710,P=0.013）。SRA患者骨性错牙合以Ⅲ类骨性错牙合为主。SRA患者与对照组上中切牙轴倾度型构成比不同,差异具有统计学意义（χ²=16.75,P<0.001）。SRA患者上中切牙轴倾度以腭倾型为主。结论 SRA与Ⅲ类骨性错牙合及前牙腭倾型轴倾度有关,正畸治疗前需对此类患者的冠根比和根形进行评估。

关键词: 短根畸形, 上中切牙, 冠根比, 正畸, 骨性错牙合, 轴倾度

CLC Number:

R783.5

YANG Yang,YU Zhishuang,DUAN Xiaoyuan,WU Weili,DENG Yi,YAO Ji. Clinical analysis of skeletal malocclusion, axial inclination in patients with short root anomaly of the maxillary central incisors[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2020, 28(6): 367-371.

杨阳,余智爽,段晓媛,吴伟丽,邓怡,姚激. 上中切牙短根畸形患者骨性错牙合和轴倾度的临床分析[J]. 口腔疾病防治, 2020, 28(6): 367-371.

Figures/Tables 3

Figure 1 Variables measured in the cone beam computed tomography scans A： reference line of the cementoenamel junction （CEJ）; R： root length; C： crown length

Table 1 Distribution of skeletal malocclusion in SRA patients

Group	Skeletal malocclusion			Total	χ²	P
Group	Class Ⅰ	Class Ⅱ	Class Ⅲ	Total	χ²	P
Controls	47	29	24	100	8.710	0.013
SRA	6	7	14	27
Total	53	36	38	127

Table 2 Distribution of axial inclination of the maxillary central incisors in SRA patients

Group	Axial inclination			Total	χ²	P
Group	Labial inclination	Lingual inclination	Normal inclination	Total	χ²	P
Controls	21	28	51	100	16.75	<0.001
SRA	6	18	3	27
Total	27	46	54	127

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