Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 372-376.doi: 10.12016/j.issn.2096-1456.2020.06.006

• Cinical Study • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Analysis of crown-root morphology in canines based on cone-beam computed tomography

AI Yilong,WU Siyuan,ZOU Chen()   

  1. Department of Orthodontics, Foshan Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Digital Stomatology, Foshan Engineering Research Center of Stomatology, Foshan 528000, China
  • Received:2019-04-15 Revised:2019-11-09 Online:2020-06-20 Published:2020-05-28
  • Contact: Chen ZOU E-mail:zouchen2005@gmail.com

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Abstract:

Objective To compare the morphology of the crown roots of upper and lower canines in patients with skeletal Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ malocclusions by CBCT and to provide guidance for the clinical treatment of orthodontics. Methods Randomly selected patients with permanent occlusal malocclusion who had undergone CBCT and X-ray skull lateral radiographs were Classified according to the ANB angle size: group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ, and group Ⅲ. Three-dimensional reconstruction was used to obtain the median sagittal section images of the right upper and lower canines. The crown root angle, crown root deflection distance, and lip tangent angle at the center of the clinical crown were used as indicators for measurement and analysis with the use of AutoCAD software. Results The difference in the crown-root skew distance between different sagittal face types, including upper canines (F=3.335, P=0.042), lower canines (F=3.745, P=0.029) crown root angles and upper canines (F=3.312, P=0.043), and lower canines (F=3.641, P= 0.032), was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The crown root angle of the maxillary canine in group Ⅰ was larger than that in group Ⅱ, and the deflection distance of the crown root was negative and the absolute value was lager in group Ⅰ than in group Ⅱ (P < 0.05). The deflection distance was positive and greater in group Ⅲ than in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the maxillary canine crown-labial tangent angle between the different sagittal facial misalignment groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Differences in the morphology of canines were found among subjects with skeletal Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ malocclusions. The root of the upper canine in Class Ⅰ malocclusions was relatively closer to the labial side of the crown than that in Class Ⅱ malocclusions. The root of the lower canine in Class Ⅲ malocclusions was the closest to the lingual side of the crown among the three Classes.

Key words: sagittal skeletal pattern, canine, crown morphology, crown-root angle, labial tangent angle, CBCT, malocclusion, orthodontics, torque angle

CLC Number: 

  • R783.5

Figure 1

Marked points, lines and measurement items of the crown root and crown lip shape measurements a: landmarks and measurements of crown-root morphology. A: root apex; B: the middle point of the labial and lingual CEJs; C: incision superius; CD: the vertical distance from the incisor edge or cusp of the tooth to the extension line of the long-axis root; CEJ: cement-enamel junction. b: landmarks and measurements of labial crown morphology. A: root apex; B: the middle point of the labial and lingual CEJs; C: incision superius; CEJ: cement-enamel junction; H: the point obtained by dissecting the crown height minus 1.8 mm; GM: gingival margin; FA: center of the clinical crown"

Table 1

Comparison of the crown-root angle among the 3 groups °,x ± s"

Tooth ClassⅠ group ClassⅡ group Class Ⅲ group F P
upper canine 184.00 ± 3.48 181.32 ± 3.61 183.28 ± 3.43 3.335 0.042
lower canine 177.64 ± 2.45 177.19 ± 3.68 175.29 ± 3.00 3.745 0.029

Table 2

Comparison of the crown-root deviation distance among the 3 groups mm,x ± s"

Tooth ClassⅠ group ClassⅡ group Class Ⅲ group F P
upper canine -0.73 ± 0.61 -0.27 ± 0.62 -0.57 ± 0.62 3.312 0.043
lower canine 0.44 ± 0.41 0.48 ± 0.64 0.83 ± 0.55 3.641 0.032

Table 3

Comparison of the labial surface angle among the 3 groups °,x ± s"

Tooth ClassⅠ group ClassⅡ group Class Ⅲ group F P
upper canine 23.28 ± 0.84 23.32 ± 1.79 24.43 ± 3.05 - 0.379
lower canine 18.17 ± 2.25 18.31 ± 1.73 17.95 ± 1.73 0.183 0.833
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