Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 494-498.doi: 10.12016/j.issn.2096-1456.2020.08.003

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Experimental study on central location ability and clearance rate of three nickel-titanium instruments for root canal retreatment

KONG Jingjing,LI Chunnian(),YIN Liangliang,DAI Xinpeng   

  1. School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University & Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
  • Received:2019-10-07 Revised:2020-01-07 Online:2020-08-20 Published:2020-07-15
  • Contact: Chunnian LI E-mail:lchunnian@163.com

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Abstract:

Objective Comparision of the central location ability and clearance rate of ProTaper retreatment, Fengdu O-file and M3-RT three kinds of nickel-titanium instruments and hand stainless instruments K-file, H-file. Observe the form of the root canal wall. To provide experimental basis and reference for the clinical application of nickel-titanium instruments for root canal retreatment. Methods 40 simulated resin blocks with the same specification were randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Each group was separately prepared with hand stainless instruments K-file and H-file (group A1), ProTaper retreatment (group B1), Fengdu O-file (group C1), and M3-RT (group D1). Using scanner to obtain the pre- and post-operative images and overlapping the images through Photoshop. Measuring the root canal inner and outer wall resin removal with Image J, compared the central location ability of the four group. A total of 60 mandibular single canal premolars extracted due to orthodontics were collected. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n=15) after filling the root canal. Use hand stainless instruments K-file,H-file(group A2), ProTaper retreatment (group B2), Fengdu O-file(group C2) , M3-RT(group D2) to remove the filling materials. The roots were longitudinally sectioned, and the image of the root surface was photographed under the 10 × magnification microscope. The software was used to trace the area of the root canal wall and residual root filling, and the root filling clearance rate of each group was calculated. Two teeth were randomly selected in each group and observed under scanning electron microscope. Results Within 9 mm from the root tip hole, the central location ability of group B1, C1, D1 was better than that of group A1(P ＜ 0.05). At 4 mm from the root tip hole, group D1 has the best central location ability(P ＜ 0.05). There was no difference of the four instruments at a distance of 10 mm from the root tip hole（P ＞ 0.05）. There were various degree of filling material remained in the root canal after the four groups of instruments for retreatment canal preparation. There was no significant difference between group B2, C2, D2（P ＞ 0.05）, and both were higher than group A2(P ＜ 0.05). Scanning electron microscope observation results shown that the root canal wall prepared by group B2, C2, D2 was more smooth and continuous than group A2, and the residual filling material was less. Conclusion The central location ability of three kinds of nickel-titanium root canal retreatment instruments were significantly better than that of hand stainless instruments. ProTaper retreatment, Fengdu O-file and M3-RT three kinds of nickel-titanium root canal retreatment instruments showed good performance, the central location ability of M3-RT was slightly better. Nickel-titanium root canal retreatment instruments are more efficient than traditional hand stainless instruments in removing root fillings and the root canal wall after preparation is smoother and has good continuity.

Key words: root canal retreatment, nickel-titanium instrument, simulated resin blocks, central positioning ability, root canal preparation, root filling, clearance rate, scanning electron microscope

CLC Number: 

  • R781.05

Figure 1

Schematic diagram of the root canal wall and residual root filling Computer software maps the area of the root canal wall and the remaining root filling"

Figure 2

Resin root canal superimposed pre- and post-preparation images of the 4 groups a: hand stainless instruments （group A1）; b: ProTaper retreatment （group B1）; c: Fengdu O-file （group C1）; d: M3-RT （group D1）"

Table 1

Central positioning capability of the four instruments n=10"

Distance from measurement site to apical foramen（mm） Group A1 Group B1 Group C1 Group D1 F P
1 0.318 ± 0.026a 0.152 ± 0.039b 0.125 ± 0.024b 0.056 ± 0.041d 56.552 < 0.001
2 0.289 ± 0.066a 0.116 ± 0.130b 0.172 ± 0.102c 0.062 ± 0.042d 17.467 *0.001
3 0.302 ± 0.043a -0.106 ± 0.015b 0.179 ± 0.026c 0.038 ± 0.024d 183.607 < 0.001
4 -0.073 ± 0.025a -0.073 ± 0.015a -0.069 ± 0.012a 0.046 ± 0.032b 144.591 < 0.001
5 0.021 ± 0.035a -0.036 ± 0.007b -0.069 ± 0.014c 0.052 ± 0.012d 208.290 < 0.001
6 0.015 ± 0.021a -0.057 ± 0.016b -0.072 ± 0.016b 0.155 ± 0.044a 107.169 < 0.001
7 0.299 ± 0.042a -0.130 ± 0.037b 0.058 ± 0.028c 0.038 ± 0.018c 34.088 < 0.001
8 0.071 ± 0.036a -0.041 ± 0.017b -0.045 ± 0.039b -0.053 ± 0.029b 11.343 *0.01
9 0.132 ± 0.044a -0.037 ± 0.048b -0.062 ± 0.027b 0.054 ± 0.014c 29.962 < 0.001
10 0.051 ± 0.042 0.049 ± 0.049 -0.044 ± 0.008 0.045 ± 0.006 1.410 0.276

Figure 3

Scanning electron microscope pictures of the root canal wall after preparation of 4 instruments group A2: the root canal wall prepared with hand stainless instruments;group B2:the root canal wall prepared with ProTaper retreatment;group C2:the root canal wall prepared with Fengdu O-file;group D2: the root canal wall prepared with M3-RT; the root canal wall after the preparation of instruments in groups B2, C2, and D2 was smoother and continuous compared with that in group A2, and there was less residual fine filling debris: in each group, a small amount of filler can be seen entering the dentin tubules, and in some of the tubules, root fillings are not seen"

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