Stress distribution of composite resin filling in Class I cavity of molars with different cavosurface angle

doi:10.12016/j.issn.2096-1456.2021.09.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the effect of different cavosurface angles on the stress distribution of ClassⅠ cavity composite resin filling of molars through the three-dimensional finite element method and to provide references for the preparation of ClassⅠ cavities. Methods Three-dimensional finite element models of ClassⅠ composite resin filling of mandibular first molars with three different cavosurface angles (group A: 90°, group B: 120°, group C: 135°) were established. Polymerization shrinkage of composites was simulated with a thermal expansion approach. The mechanical behavior of the restored models in terms of stress and displacement distributions under the combined effects of polymerization shrinkage and occlusal load (600 N) was analyzed. Results For ClassⅠ cavities with the same cavity size, the total stress of the restoration model and the maximum stress of the enamel in group A were less than those in groups B and C after cavity composite resin restoration with three cavity cavosurface angles (in which the width of the enamel bevel was 1 mm in groups B and C). The maximum stress of the dentin and adhesive was similar in the three groups, the maximum stress of the composite in group C was the largest, and the maximum stress of the composite in group B was the smallest. In terms of stress distribution, the maximum stress in each restoration model was mainly concentrated in the enamel at the cavosurface, near the enamel-dentin interface and at the edge of the restoration material. Conclusion From the point of reducing the stress of residual tooth tissue, the preparation of 90° angle without enamel bevel is an ideal method for cavity preparation when composite resin is used to fill ClassⅠ cavities of molars.

Key words: mandibular first molar, occlusal caries, ClassⅠ cavity, cavosurface angle, three-dimensional finite element, stress distribution, composite resin, enamel bevel

摘要：

目的利用三维有限元分析不同洞缘角对磨牙牙合面Ⅰ类洞复合树脂充填后应力分布的影响,为Ⅰ类洞形制备提供参考。方法建立3个洞缘角角度(A组90°、B组120°、C组135°)的下颌第一磨牙牙合面Ⅰ类洞复合树脂充填的三维有限元模型,用热膨胀法模拟复合材料的聚合收缩,分析在聚合收缩和咬合载荷(600 N)的共同作用下,修复模型在应力和位移分布方面的力学行为。结果窝洞尺寸相同的Ⅰ类洞,3种洞缘角度(其中B组、C组洞缘釉质斜面宽度为1 mm)的窝洞复合树脂修复后,A组修复模型总体及牙釉质的最大应力小于B组和C组修复模型总体及牙釉质的最大应力;3组牙本质和粘接剂的最大应力相近;C组复合树脂的最大应力最大,B组复合树脂的最大应力最小。从应力分布看,各修复模型中,最大应力主要集中在洞缘牙釉质、牙釉质-牙本质界面和修复材料边缘。结论复合树脂充填磨牙牙合面Ⅰ类洞时,从减少剩余牙体组织应力的角度看,90°的洞缘角即无釉质斜面预备是一种较为理想的窝洞预备方式。

关键词: 下颌第一磨牙, 咬合面龋, Ⅰ类洞, 洞缘角, 三维有限元分析, 应力分布, 复合树脂, 釉质斜面

CLC Number:

CHEN Hongxing,LIU Siyao,HUANG Yuting,PAN Shuang. Stress distribution of composite resin filling in Class I cavity of molars with different cavosurface angle[J]. Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases, 2021, 29(9): 596-603.

陈红星,刘思瑶,黄雨亭,潘爽. 不同洞缘角磨牙Ⅰ类洞复合树脂充填的应力分布[J]. 口腔疾病防治, 2021, 29(9): 596-603.

Figures/Tables 8

Figure 1 Three-dimensional solid models of cavosurface angles in the three groups a: food modeling on the occlusal surfaces, the green part is the food lump; b: the cavosurface angle is 90°; c: the cavosurface angle is 120°; d: the cavosurface angle is 135°

Table 1 Mesh types and the number of nodes and elements in each model

Item	Number of nodes	Number of elements	Element type
Enamel	20 377	12 733	C3D10
Dentin	34 740	22 037	C3D10
Contical bone	13 957	7 927	C3D10
Spongious bone	41 843	26 283	C3D10
Periodontal ligament	26 489	13 180	C3D10M
Food bolus	22 136	13 996	C3D10
Group A resin	10 447	6 407	C3D10
Group B resin	9 711	6 189	C3D10
Group C resin	20 392	12 968	C3D10

Table 2 Mechanical properties of materials

Item	Young’s modulus (MPa)	Poisson’s ratio	Linear shrinkage (%)	Linear thermal expansion coefficient	Thicknesses (mm)
Enamel	80 000	0.30
Dentin	18 000	0.23
Resin composite	12 000	0.25	1	0.003 3
Adhesive bonding	4 000	0.30	1	0.003 3	0.01
Food bolus	3 410	0.10
Pulp	2	0.48
Spongious bone	1 370	0.30
Contical bone	13 700	0.30
Periodontal ligament	68.9	0.45

Figure 2 Overall displacement and equivalent stress distribution in the repair models of the three groups a-c: overall displacement of equivalent stress, with the maximum displacement occurring in the composite resin part; d-f: overall distribution of equivalent stress, with the stress mainly concentrated in the enamel at the cavosurface and cervical enamel; g: maximum stress of the repair model; group A: the cavosurface angle is 90°; group B: the cavosurface angle is 120°; group C: the cavosurface angle is 135°

Figure 3 Equivalent stress distribution of adhesives in the three groups a-c: distribution of equivalent stress of adhesives; d-f: distribution of equivalent stress of adhesives in the buccolingual direction, with the maximum stress concentrated at the angle of the axial medullary line at the bottom of the cavity; g: maximum stress of the adhesive repair model; group A: the cavosurface angle is 90°; group B: the cavosurface angle is 120°; group C: the cavosurface angle is 135°

Figure 4 Equivalent stress distribution of composite resin in the three groups a-c: distribution of equivalent stress of composite resin, with the maximum stress in each restoration model mainly concentrated at the edge of the restoration material; d-f: distribution of equivalent stress of composite resin in the buccolingual direction; g: maximum stress of composite resin; group A: the cavosurface angle is 90°; group B: the cavosurface angle is 120°; group C: the cavosurface angle is 135°

Figure 5 Equivalent stress distribution of enamel in the three groups a-c: distribution of equivalent stress of enamel, with the maximum stress in each restoration model mainly concentrated in the enamel at the cavosurface and the cervical enamel-dentin interface; d-f: distribution of equivalent stress of enamel in the buccolingual direction; g: maximum stress of enamel; group A: the cavosurface angle is 90°; group B: the cavosurface angle is 120°; group C: the cavosurface an-gle is 135°

Figure 6 Equivalent stress distribution of dentin in the three groups a-c: distribution of equivalent stress of dentin; d-f: distribution of equivalent stress of dentin in the buccolingual direction, with the maximum stress concentrated at the cavity bottom above the pulp chamber top and the enamel-dentin interface along the lateral wall of the cavity; g: maximum stress of dentin; group A: the cavosurface angle is 90°; group B: the cavosurface angle is 120°; group C: the cavosurface angle is 135°

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