Abstract:

As the world’s population ages, age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming important challenges for geriatric care. Despite the ongoing search for solutions to address cognitive decline, effective interventions have not yet been established. There is increasing evidence from clinical, epidemiological, and animal studies that masticatory dysfunction due to occlusal disharmony is a risk factor for cognitive decline and an increased incidence of dementia. The mechanisms may involve altered nutritional intake, decreased cerebral blood flow, chronic stress, and hippocampal morphological function. These findings suggest that maintaining and adequately restoring the entire masticatory system has a positive impact for the prevention of cognitive decline.

Key words: occlusal disharmony, masticatory dysfunction, cognitive function, Alzheimer’s disease, hippocampus, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, cerebral blood flow, chronic stress, nutrition

摘要：

随着世界人口老龄化的增加,与年龄相关的认知功能下降和痴呆症成为老年保健的重要挑战。尽管一直在寻找解决认知下降的方法,但尚未建立有效的干预措施。来自临床、流行病学和动物研究的越来越多的证据表明,咬合不协调导致的咀嚼功能障碍被认为是造成认知能力下降和痴呆症发生率增加的危险因素之一。其机制涉及营养摄入改变、脑血流量减少、引起慢性压力应激、影响海马形态功能等方面。因此,维护和充分恢复整个咀嚼系统对于预防认知能力下降具有积极的意义。

关键词: 咬合不协调, 咀嚼功能障碍, 认知功能, 阿尔兹海默症, 海马, HPA轴, 脑血流量, 慢性压力, 营养